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<body class="manpage">
<div id="header">
<h1>git-check-ref-format(1) Manual Page</h1>
<h2 id="_name">NAME</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<p>git-check-ref-format - Ensures that a reference name is well formed</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_synopsis">SYNOPSIS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="verseblock">
<pre class="content"><em>git check-ref-format</em> [--normalize]
       [--[no-]allow-onelevel] [--refspec-pattern]
       &lt;refname&gt;
<em>git check-ref-format</em> --branch &lt;branchname-shorthand&gt;</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_description">DESCRIPTION</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Checks if a given <em>refname</em> is acceptable, and exits with a non-zero
status if it is not.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>A reference is used in Git to specify branches and tags.  A
branch head is stored in the <code>refs/heads</code> hierarchy, while
a tag is stored in the <code>refs/tags</code> hierarchy of the ref namespace
(typically in <code>$GIT_DIR/refs/heads</code> and <code>$GIT_DIR/refs/tags</code>
directories or, as entries in file <code>$GIT_DIR/packed-refs</code>
if refs are packed by <code>git</code> <code>gc</code>).</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Git imposes the following rules on how references are named:</p>
</div>
<div class="olist arabic">
<ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>They can include slash <code>/</code> for hierarchical (directory)
grouping, but no slash-separated component can begin with a
dot . or end with the sequence .<code>lock</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>They must contain at least one <code>/</code>. This enforces the presence of a
category like <code>heads/</code>, <code>tags/</code> etc. but the actual names are not
restricted.  If the <code>--allow-onelevel</code> option is used, this rule
is waived.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>They cannot have two consecutive dots <code>..</code> anywhere.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>They cannot have ASCII control characters (i.e. bytes whose
values are lower than \040, or \177 <code>DEL</code>), space, tilde <code>~</code>,
caret <code>^</code>, or colon <code>:</code> anywhere.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>They cannot have question-mark ?, asterisk <code>*</code>, or open
bracket [ anywhere.  See the <code>--refspec-pattern</code> option below for
an exception to this rule.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>They cannot begin or end with a slash <code>/</code> or contain multiple
consecutive slashes (see the <code>--normalize</code> option below for an
exception to this rule).</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>They cannot end with a dot ..</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>They cannot contain a sequence <code>@</code>{.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>They cannot be the single character <code>@</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>They cannot contain a <code>\</code>.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>These rules make it easy for shell script based tools to parse
reference names, pathname expansion by the shell when a reference name is used
unquoted (by mistake), and also avoid ambiguities in certain
reference name expressions (see <a href="gitrevisions.html">gitrevisions(7)</a>):</p>
</div>
<div class="olist arabic">
<ol class="arabic">
<li>
<p>A double-dot <code>..</code> is often used as in <code>ref1</code><code>..</code><code>ref2</code>, and in some
contexts this notation means <code>^ref1</code> <code>ref2</code> (i.e. not in
<code>ref1</code> and in <code>ref2</code>).</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A tilde <code>~</code> and caret <code>^</code> are used to introduce the postfix
<em>nth parent</em> and <em>peel onion</em> operation.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>A colon <code>:</code> is used as in <code>srcref:dstref</code> to mean "use srcref&#8217;s
value and store it in dstref" in fetch and push operations.
It may also be used to select a specific object such as with
'git cat-file': "git cat-file blob v1.3.3:refs.c".</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>at-open-brace <code>@</code>{ is used as a notation to access a reflog entry.</p>
</li>
</ol>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>With the <code>--branch</code> option, the command takes a name and checks if
it can be used as a valid branch name (e.g. when creating a new
branch). But be cautious when using the
previous checkout syntax that may refer to a detached HEAD state.
The rule <code>git</code> <code>check-ref-format</code> <code>--branch</code> <code>$name</code> implements
may be stricter than what <code>git</code> <code>check-ref-format</code> <code>refs/heads/$name</code>
says (e.g. a dash may appear at the beginning of a ref component,
but it is explicitly forbidden at the beginning of a branch name).
When run with the <code>--branch</code> option in a repository, the input is first
expanded for the &#8220;previous checkout syntax&#8221;
<code>@</code>{-n}.  For example, <code>@</code>{-1} is a way to refer the last thing that
was checked out using "git switch" or "git checkout" operation.
This option should be
used by porcelains to accept this syntax anywhere a branch name is
expected, so they can act as if you typed the branch name. As an
exception note that, the &#8220;previous checkout operation&#8221; might result
in a commit object name when the N-th last thing checked out was not
a branch.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_options">OPTIONS</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="dlist">
<dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">--allow-onelevel</dt>
<dt class="hdlist1">--no-allow-onelevel</dt>
<dd>
<p>Controls whether one-level refnames are accepted (i.e.,
refnames that do not contain multiple <code>/</code>-separated
components).  The default is <code>--no-allow-onelevel</code>.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--refspec-pattern</dt>
<dd>
<p>Interpret &lt;refname&gt; as a reference name pattern for a refspec
(as used with remote repositories).  If this option is
enabled, &lt;refname&gt; is allowed to contain a single <code>*</code>
in the refspec (e.g., <code>foo/bar*/baz</code> or <code>foo/bar*baz/</code>
but not <code>foo/bar*/baz*</code>).</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">--normalize</dt>
<dd>
<p>Normalize <em>refname</em> by removing any leading slash (<code>/</code>)
characters and collapsing runs of adjacent slashes between
name components into a single slash.  If the normalized
refname is valid then print it to standard output and exit
with a status of 0, otherwise exit with a non-zero status.
(<code>--print</code> is a deprecated way to spell <code>--normalize</code>.)</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_examples">EXAMPLES</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Print the name of the previous thing checked out:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ git check-ref-format --branch @{-1}</pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Determine the reference name to use for a new branch:</p>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>$ ref=$(git check-ref-format --normalize "refs/heads/$newbranch")||
{ echo "we do not like '$newbranch' as a branch name." &gt;&amp;2 ; exit 1 ; }</pre>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footer">
<div id="footer-text">
Last updated 2025-11-17 16:38:17 UTC
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